«上一篇/Previous Article|本期目录/Table of Contents|下一篇/Next Article»

《地震研究》[ISSN:1000-0666/CN:53-1062/P]

卷:

40

期数:

2017年04期

页码:

581-594

栏目:

主动源专栏

出版日期:

2017-09-20

文章信息/Info

Title:

Effects of Nonlinear Stacking and Zero-phase Processing on Signal Extraction from Airgun Source Waveform

作者:

姚佳琪¹; 曹文忠¹; 叶 泵¹; 2; 张 伟³

(1.中国科学技术大学 地球和空间科学学院地震学与地球内部物理实验室,安徽 合肥 230026; 2.中国地震局滇西地震预报实验场办公室,云南 大理 671000; 3.南方科技大学 地球与空间科学系,广东 深圳 518055)

Author(s):

YAO Jiaqi¹; CAO Wenzhong¹; YE Beng¹; 2; ZHANG Wei³

(1.Laboratory of Seismology and Physics of Earth's Interior,School of Earth and Space Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui,China)(2.Western Yunnan Earthquake Prediction Study Area,China Earthquake Administration,Dali 6

关键词:

主动源;  气枪震源;  零相位化处理;  非线性叠加;  信号提取

Keywords:

active source;  airgun seismic source;  zero-phase processing nonlinear stacking;  signal extraction

分类号:

P315.3

DOI:

-

摘要:

使用零相位化处理和非线性叠加方法提取低信噪比记录中的有效信号,通过定量评估结果波形的走时和振幅等信息的精准程度,探究此处理流程是否可提高提取气枪震源有效信号波形的准确性。对合成波形和云南宾川主动源实验中实际资料数据进行零相位化处理,选用相似性加权、时间域相位加权、时频域相位加权、改进的时频域相位加权4种非线性叠加方法提取有效信号。结果表明,基于上述处理方法可有效提高提取波形的准确性:(1)零相位处理可以提高波形数据的分辨率,使有效信号到时点变为波形峰值点,有利于在非线性叠加后拾取出准确的到时位置;(2)零

Abstract:

We investigate whether using zero-phase waveform record can reduce the influence of nonlinear stacking on the effective signals extracted from low signal-noise ratio data by evaluating the fitness of traveltime and waveform quantitatively.Then semblance weighted stacking,time-domain phase weighted stacking,time-frequency domain phase weighted stacking and improved time-frequency domain weighted stacking methods are applied to process the synthetic data and real data of air-gun experiment in Binchuan,Yunnan.The results show that:(1)zero-phase processing can significantly improve the data revolution and the onset time picking precision of seismic phase;(2)nonlinear stacking results using zero-phased data show merely effects on effective signals,and the raw records can be recovered by convolution of the stacking results with source wavelet; and(3)time-domain phase weighted stacking or semblance weighted stacking method provide better recovery of final stacking results but probably affect the signals with low signal-noise-ratio,while the results from the phased weighted stacking method based on time-frequency transform method show very large influences on effective signals but give good recovery of signals with low amplitude.

参考文献/References:

陈颙,朱日祥.2005.设立“地下明灯研究计划”的建议[J].地球科学进展,20(5):485-489.
顾庙元,姚佳琪,张伟,等.2016.地学长江计划安徽实验中低频可控震源地震波信号提取方法评估[J].中国地震,32(2):356-378.
林建民,王宝善,葛洪魁,等.2008.大容量气枪震源特征及地震波传播的震相分析[J].地球物理学报,51(1):206-212.
倪宇东,祖云飞,李海翔,等.2010.可控震源地震数据初至时间拾取方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,45(6):793-796.
倪宇东.2014.可控震源地震勘探采集技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
陶知非,赵永林,马磊.2011.低频地震勘探与低频可控震源[J].物探装备,21(2):71-76.
王宝善,葛洪魁,王彬,等.2016.利用人工重复震源进行地下介质结构及其变化研究的探索和进展[J].中国地震,32(2):168-179.
王彬,杨润海,王宝善,等.2012.地震波走时变化精确测量的实验研究[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),34(S2):15-20.
武安绪,叶泵,李红,等.2016.气枪震源弱信号提取的可靠性初步分析[J].中国地震,32(2):319-330.
肖卓,高原.2015.尾波干涉原理及其应用研究进展综述[J].地震学报,(3):516-526.
熊翥.2008.地震数据处理应用技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
杨微,王宝善,葛洪魁,等.2013.大容量气枪震源主动探测技术系统及试验研究[J].中国地震,29(4):399-410.
翟秋实,姚华建,王宝善.2016.气枪震源资料反褶积方法及处理流程研究[J].中国地震,32(2):295-304.
张军华.2011.地震资料去噪方法[M].青岛:石油大学出版社.
BRITTLE K F,LINES L R,DEY A K.2001.Vibroseis deconvolution:a comparison of cross correlation and frequency domain sweep decnvolution[J].Geophysical Prospecting,49(6):675-686.
CROTWELL H P,OWENS T J,RITSEMA J.1990.The TauP Toolkit:Flexible Seismic Travel-time and Ray-path Utilities[J].Seismological Research Letters,70(2):154-160.
DZIEWONSKI A M,ANDERSON D L.1981.Preliminary reference Earth model[J].Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors,25(4):297-356.
HELMBER D,WIGGINS R A.1971.Upper mantle structure of Mid western united states[J].Journal of Geophysical Resaearch,76(14):3229-3245.
KENNETT B L N.1987.Observational and theoretical constraints on crustal and upper mantle heterogeneity[J].Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors,47(1):319-332.
LI Q,GAO J.2014.Application of Seismic Data Stacking in Time–Frequency Domain[J].Geoscience & Remote Sensing Letters IEEE,11(9):1484-1488.
NEIDELL N S,TANER M T.1971.Semblance and other coherency measures for multichannel data[J].Geophysics,36(3):482-497.
PINNEGAR C R,EATON D W.2003.Application of the S transform to prestack noise attenuation filtering[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,108(B9),doi:10.1029/2002JB002258.
SCHIMMEL M,GALLART J.2007.Frequency-dependent phase coherence for noise suppression in seismic array data[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,112(B4):1-10.
SCHIMMEL M,PAULSSEN H.1997.Noise reduction and detection of weak,coherent signals through phase-weighted stacks[J].Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society,130(2):497-505.
SHEARER P M.2009.Introduction to seismology[M].Oxford city:Cambridge University Press.
STOCKWELL R G,MANSINHA L,LOWE R P.1996.Localization of the complex spectrum:the S transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,44(4):998-1001.
STOCKWELL R G.1999.S-transform analysis of gravity wave activity from a small scale network of airglow imagers[J].Thesis,4662.
TANER M T,KOEHLER F.1969.Velocity spectra-digital computer derivation and applications of velocity functions[J].Geophysics,34(6):859-881.
ZHU L,RIVERA L A.2002.A note on the dynamic and static displacements from a point source in multilayered media[J].Geophysical Journal International,148(3):619-627.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2017-04-11
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(41474114)和云南省陈颙院士工作站(2014IC007)联合资助.

常用功能

更新日期/Last Update: 2017-09-20