地震研究

统计研究了2004年12月26日印尼苏门答腊M_W9.0、2008年5月12日中国汶川M_S8.0和2010年2月27日智利M_W8.8三次大震后一个月内(特别关注24 h,15 d,30 d 3个时段)余震序列的时空强演化特征。结果显示,大震序列的时间和强度具有显著的分时段起伏特征,而余震频次呈现阶梯式衰减。大震后第1～2天内和第13～17天余震强度最大,有可能发生最大余震,最大余震位于余震区端部的可能性较大,且利用震后3 h的余震可估计余震区范围。最后,讨论了强余震起伏时段以及最大强余震可能与固体潮调制具有相关性。

In order to explore seismic activity features after the huge earthquake shortly,we statisticed the evolution characteristics of the spatial,temporal and intensity distribution in one month(focus on 24 hours,15 days and one month respectively)after three huge earthquakes. The three huge earthquakes are Sumatra M_W9.0 earthquake in Indonesia on Dec.26,2004,Wenchuan M_S8.0 earthquake in China on May.12,2008 and Chile M_W8.8 earthquake on Feb.27,2010. The results show that the characteristics of time and intensity distribution of the earthquake sequence had obvious ups and downs during the different time periods,and the frequency of aftershocks showed the stepped attenuation. Furthermore the aftershock activity was the strongest in the 1～2 days and 13～17 days after the huge earthquake. The maximum aftershock was probably to occur in the end of aftershock zone,and we could use the aftershocks in 3 hours after main shock to estimate the scale of aftershock zone. In addition,we also discussed that the period of the ups and downs characteristic of strong aftershock activity,and their relationship with the tidal modulation period.

引言
1 三次大地震相关背景及序列概况
2 3次大地震的余震序列特征分析
3 主震与最大强余震的调制特征
4 结论

表1 3次大地震的震源参数列表<br/>Tab.1 List of source parameters of three specific earthquakes

表1 3次大地震的震源参数列表
Tab.1 List of source parameters of three specific earthquakes

图1 3次大地震后一个月内余震震中分布图及其对应的G-R图<br/>Fig.1 Epicenter distribution and the corresponding G-R diagram of aftershock in a month after three earthquakes

图1 3次大地震后一个月内余震震中分布图及其对应的G-R图
Fig.1 Epicenter distribution and the corresponding G-R diagram of aftershock in a month after three earthquakes

图2 3次大震后24 h内余震序列M-t图<br/>Fig.2 M-t diagram of aftershock sequence within 24 hours after three earthquakes

图2 3次大震后24 h内余震序列M-t图
Fig.2 M-t diagram of aftershock sequence within 24 hours after three earthquakes

图3 3次大震后15 d和30 d内余震序列M-T图<br/>Fig.3 M-t diagram of aftershock sequences within 15 days and 30 days after three earthquakes

图3 3次大震后15 d和30 d内余震序列M-T图
Fig.3 M-t diagram of aftershock sequences within 15 days and 30 days after three earthquakes

图4 3次大震后15 d和30 d内余震序列时间间隔dT-t图<br/>Fig.4 dT-t diagram of time interval of aftershock sequence within 15 days and 30 days after three earthquakes

图4 3次大震后15 d和30 d内余震序列时间间隔dT-t图
Fig.4 dT-t diagram of time interval of aftershock sequence within 15 days and 30 days after three earthquakes

表2 3次大震后一个月内余震序列起伏特征统计<br/>Tab.2 Statistical characteristics of aftershock sequence fluctuation within one month after three earthquakes

表2 3次大震后一个月内余震序列起伏特征统计
Tab.2 Statistical characteristics of aftershock sequence fluctuation within one month after three earthquakes

图5 3次大震后24 h和30 d内余震序列频次N-t图<br/>Fig.5 N-t diagram of aftershock sequence frequency within 24 hours and 30 days after three earthquakes

图5 3次大震后24 h和30 d内余震序列频次N-t图
Fig.5 N-t diagram of aftershock sequence frequency within 24 hours and 30 days after three earthquakes

图6 三次大震后24 h和30 d内余震迁移分布D-t图<br/>Fig.6 D-t diagram of aftershock sequence migration distribution within 24 hours and 30 days after three earthquakes

图6 三次大震后24 h和30 d内余震迁移分布D-t图
Fig.6 D-t diagram of aftershock sequence migration distribution within 24 hours and 30 days after three earthquakes

图7 3次大地震发生前后面应变的固体潮理论值曲线<br/>Fig.7 Tidal theory curve of surface strain curve before and after three earthquakes

图7 3次大地震发生前后面应变的固体潮理论值曲线
Fig.7 Tidal theory curve of surface strain curve before and after three earthquakes

傅征祥.1981.1978年5月18日海城6级地震前地震活动的某些特征[J].地震学报,3(2):118-125.
傅征祥.1982.强余震活动的持续时间[J].地震学报,4(4):389-394.
谷继成,谢小碧,赵莉.1979.强余震的时间分布规律及其理论解释[J].地球物理学报,22(1):32-46.
郭大庆,刘蒲雄,袁一凡,等.1998.地震现场工作大纲和技术指南[M].北京:地震出版社:32-41.
蒋海昆,傅征祥,刘杰,等.2007.中国大陆地震序列研究[M].北京:地震出版社:97-112.
马宗晋,叶洪.2005.2004年12月26日苏门答腊—安达曼大地震构造特征及地震海啸灾害[J].地学前缘,12(1):1-13.
任俊杰,周娜.2010.2010年智利大地震及历史地震活动与地质构造背景[J].国际地震动态,375(3):1-7.
田勤俭,刁桂苓,郝平,等.2009.地震及余震破裂的地质构造特征[J].地震,29(1):141-148.
王碧泉,杨锦英,王春珍.1979.强余震的准周期性[J].地震学报,1(2):154-165.
薛艳,刘杰,梅世蓉,等.2009.2008年汶川MS8.0地震前地震活动异常特征[J].地震学报,31(6):606-619.
薛艳,刘杰,宋治平.2005.印尼苏门答腊两次巨大地震序列特征对比分析[J].国际地震动态,(10):1-8.
张启胜,张敏,李东梅.1999.青海省共和7.0级大震及其强余震震害研究[J].西北地震学报,21(2):56-63.
张勇,冯万鹏,许力生,等.2008.2008年汶川大地震的时空破裂过程[J].中国科学(D辑),38(10):1186-1194.
郑勇,马宏生,吕坚,等.2009.汶川地震强余震(MS>5.6)的震源机制解及其与发震构造的关系[J].中国科学(D辑),39(4):413-426.
周翠英,王红卫,王梅.1997.强余震持续时间的早期估计[J].中国地震,13(2):162-171.
Das.S.,Aki K..1977.Fault plane with barriers:A versatile earthquake model[J].J.Geophys.Res.,82:5658-5670.
Das.S.,Henry C..2003.Spatial relation between main earthquake slip its aftershock distribution[J].Reviews of Geophysics,41(3):1-23.
Mogi K.1968.Development of aftershock area of great earthquake[J].Bull.Earthq.Res.Ins.Univ.of Tokyo,46:175-203.
Utsu T.1961.A statistical study on the occurrence of aftershocks[J].Geophys.Mag,30:521-605.

备注

引言

1 三次大地震相关背景及序列概况

2 3次大地震的余震序列特征分析

3 主震与最大强余震的调制特征

4 结论

期刊信息