地震研究

收集了1998年2～5月广西环江M_S4.9地震震区连续的NOAA/AVHRR卫星遥感热红外资料,经过去云等数据处理,选取当地夜间时段的热红外数据进行地表温度反演,分析地震前、后地表温度异常时间演化过程及其异常空间分布与活动断裂关系,并讨论了震区地形地貌、季节性气候等非构造因子对地温异常的影响。结果表明:(1)在环江M_S4.9地震发生前2个月震中附近出现热红外异常增温现象,异常增温与发震时间有一定对应性。显著增温主要表现在震前半个月左右,震后温度逐步下降;(2)对地形地貌、季节性气候等非构造因子进行相关分析表明,环江M_S4.9地震反映出反季节变化的震前构造“增温”信息;(3)异常升温由震中沿NW与NE向共轭断裂交叉发育,与此次环江地震NW向发震构造较为一致。充分考虑地形地貌、季节性气候等非构造因素对异常升温的影响,认为此次环江M_S4.9地震前热红外升温可能为震前短临异常现象。

Firstly,we collected the continuous thermal infrared data of NOAA/AVHRR satellite remote sensing in Huanjiang M_S4.9 earthquake zone from Feb. to May in 1998,and processed them through the clouds method. Secondly,we selected the thermal infrared data at local on the night time to inverse the land surface temperature. Finally,we analyzed time evolution process of land surface temperature anomalies before and after the Huanjiang M_S4.9 earthquake as well as the relationship between the abnormal spatial distribution and the active fault,and discussed the impact of non-structural factors such as the topography and landform,seasonal weather etc. in earthquake zone on land surface temperature anomalies. The result showed that:(1)There appeared a phenomenon of thermal infrared abnormal warming near the epicenter in two months before Huanjiang M_S4.9 earthquake,and the abnormal warming had a certain correspondence with the occurrence time of the earthquake. The significant warming happened in the first half of the month,and dropped rapidly after the earthquake.(2)Through the relative analysis of non-structural factors like the topography and landform,seasonal weather etc.,we found that the structural “warming” information of anti-season changes was reflected by the earthquake.(3)The abnormal warming was cross-developed from the epicenter along the conjugate faults with the NW and NE directions,and it was relatively consistent with the seismogenic tectonic in NW of Huanjiang M_S4.9 earthquake. After full consideration of the influence of non-structural factors of the topography and landform,seasonal weather etc. on the abnormal warming,we inferred that this thermal infrared warming could be a short imminent anomaly phenomenon before the earthquake.

引言
1 研究区域概况
2 NOAA/AVHRR数据与反演过程
3 讨论
4 结论

图1 1998年环江MS4.9地震发震构造图<br/>Fig.1 Seismogenic tectonic for the Huanjiang MS4.9 earthquake in 1998

图1 1998年环江MS4.9地震发震构造图
Fig.1 Seismogenic tectonic for the Huanjiang MS4.9 earthquake in 1998

图2 环江MS4.9地震前后热红外异常演化图像<br/>(a)2月7～17日;(b)2月18～28日;(c)3月1～11日;(d)3月12～22日;(e)3月23日～<br/>4月1日;(f)4月2～10日;(g)4月11～16日;(h)4月17～26日;(i)4月27日～5月7日<br/>Fig.2 The evolution patterns of thermal infrared anomaly before and after the Huanjiang MS4.9 earthquake

图2 环江MS4.9地震前后热红外异常演化图像
(a)2月7～17日;(b)2月18～28日;(c)3月1～11日;(d)3月12～22日;(e)3月23日～
4月1日;(f)4月2～10日;(g)4月11～16日;(h)4月17～26日;(i)4月27日～5月7日
Fig.2 The evolution patterns of thermal infrared anomaly before and after the Huanjiang MS4.9 earthquake

表1 环江MS4.9级地震前异常升温统计表<br/>Tab.1 Statistic of anomalous of land surface temperature increasing before Huanjiang MS4.9 earthquake

表1 环江MS4.9级地震前异常升温统计表
Tab.1 Statistic of anomalous of land surface temperature increasing before Huanjiang MS4.9 earthquake

图3 震中附近地形温度场反演图像及其剖面地形高差与地温值关系图像(a)无震时段震中附近地形温度场反演图像;(b)环江MS4.9地震前震中附近地形温度场反演图像; (c)地形剖面图;(d)跨水源—木论断裂 A-A'剖面地形高差与地温值对比
Fig.3 The inversion image of terrain temperature field near the epicenter region of Huanjiang earthquake and the relationship between the terrain elevation and land surface temperature for the A-A' profile (a)the inversion image of terrain temperature field near the epicenter region in the period of without earthquake;(b)the inversion image of terrain temperature field before the Huanjiang MS4.9 earthquake;(c)the terrain profile;(d)contrast of terrain elevation and the mean ground temperature for profile A-A' cross the Shuiyuan-Mulun Fault

图4 1990～2014年震中附近地表温度变化曲线<br/>Fig.4 Curve of surface temperature in epicenter area from 1990 to 2014

图4 1990～2014年震中附近地表温度变化曲线
Fig.4 Curve of surface temperature in epicenter area from 1990 to 2014

图5 震区温度随时间变化图像<br/>Fig.5 Curves of temperature change varied with time in epicenter area

图5 震区温度随时间变化图像
Fig.5 Curves of temperature change varied with time in epicenter area

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备注

引言

1 研究区域概况

2 NOAA/AVHRR数据与反演过程

3 讨论

4 结论

期刊信息