地震研究

利用2014年6月福建省地震局进行的人工爆破实验的50 Hz超高频GPS观测数据,采用快速预报星历以及事后精密星历,对观测的数据分别进行准实时和事后精密处理。结果显示高频GPS在差分处理模式下,其水平向噪声大致为5 mm,垂直向大致为10 mm。高频GPS差分单历元解在采用快速预报星历与事后精密星历得到的结果基本一致,因此采用快速预报星历进行高频GPS实时解算的结果具有很高的可靠性。同时,通过比较并址的高频GPS和强震仪信号的波形和频率成分发现,差异主要是由于高频GPS和强震仪记录对于不同频率震动信号的响应不同,两者在重叠的频段上有较好的一致性,而这种差异本身体现了一种互补的特征。因此,高频GPS数据的实时处理结果具备监测地表震动的能力,可应用于地震烈度速报与地震预警,成为地表震动和地震研究的良好补充。

An artificial blasting experiment with different equivalent has carried out by Fujian Earthquake Administration in Fujian Province in Jun.,2014.The ultra-high frequency GPS observation data with 50 Hz are employed to near field observations.With quick forecasting ephemeris and post precise ephemeris,the observation data have been treated by quasi real-time and post precision processing respectively.It is resulted that in the differential mode,the horizontal noise of the high frequency GPS is about 5 mm,and the vertical noise is about 10 mm.The solutions of single epoch-differential high rate GPS observation are basically the same by the algorithm of fast forecasting ephemeris and post precise ephemeris respectively.So the result of high frequency GPS real-time decoding is strongly reliability by using quick forecasting ephemeris algorithm.Meanwhile,we find that there exits some difference in waveforms between high frequency GPS and the signal of strong motion seismograph in the same site.After comparing the frequency component,we find that this difference is mainly from the different frequency signal recorded by high frequency GPS and strong motion seismograph respectively.It is shown that the results of high frequency GPS data real-time processing have the ability to monitor the ground shaking,so it could be applied to the seismic intensity rapid reporting and earthquake early warning,it' also could be the good supplement to studying the ground motion and earthquake.

引言
1 数据及处理方法
2 数据结果及讨论
3 结论

图1 人工爆破点示意图(a)南靖站点;(b)华安站点<br/>Fig.1 Sketch map of artificial blasting points(a)Nanjing site;(b)Huaan site

图1 人工爆破点示意图(a)南靖站点;(b)华安站点
Fig.1 Sketch map of artificial blasting points(a)Nanjing site;(b)Huaan site

表1 人工爆破激发炮点信息<br/>Tab.1 Information of artificial blasting point

表1 人工爆破激发炮点信息
Tab.1 Information of artificial blasting point

图2 南靖人工爆破1号点高程方向不同星历解算结果对比<br/>Fig.2 Comparision of different ephemeris solution results of artificial blasting point of No.1 in Nanjing at different elevation

图2 南靖人工爆破1号点高程方向不同星历解算结果对比
Fig.2 Comparision of different ephemeris solution results of artificial blasting point of No.1 in Nanjing at different elevation

图3 南靖人工爆破1号点高程向频谱图<br/>Fig.3 Spectrum of artificial blasting point of No.1 in Nanjing at elevation direction

图3 南靖人工爆破1号点高程向频谱图
Fig.3 Spectrum of artificial blasting point of No.1 in Nanjing at elevation direction

图4 南靖人工爆破1号点高频GPS数据(a)东西方向;(b)南北方向;(c)高程方向<br/>Fig.4 High frequency GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.1 in Nanjing(a)EW direction;(b)NS direction;(d)elevation direction

图4 南靖人工爆破1号点高频GPS数据(a)东西方向;(b)南北方向;(c)高程方向
Fig.4 High frequency GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.1 in Nanjing(a)EW direction;(b)NS direction;(d)elevation direction

图5 南靖人工爆破1号点高程向高频GPS数据<br/>Fig.5 High frequency elevation GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.1 in Nanjing

图5 南靖人工爆破1号点高程向高频GPS数据
Fig.5 High frequency elevation GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.1 in Nanjing

图6 南靖人工爆破3号点MEMS强震仪数据<br/>Fig.6 Observation data recorded by MEMS strong motion seismograph at artificial blasting point of No.3 in Nanjing

图6 南靖人工爆破3号点MEMS强震仪数据
Fig.6 Observation data recorded by MEMS strong motion seismograph at artificial blasting point of No.3 in Nanjing

图7 南靖人工爆破3号(a)、4号(b)点高频GPS数据<br/>Fig.7 High frequency GPS observation data of artifical blasting point of No.3(a)and No.4(b)in Nanjing

图7 南靖人工爆破3号(a)、4号(b)点高频GPS数据
Fig.7 High frequency GPS observation data of artifical blasting point of No.3(a)and No.4(b)in Nanjing

图8 南靖人工爆破5号点高频GPS数据<br/>Fig.8 High frequency GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.5 in Nanjing

图8 南靖人工爆破5号点高频GPS数据
Fig.8 High frequency GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.5 in Nanjing

图9 华安人工爆破1号点高频GPS数据<br/>Fig.9 High frequency GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.1 in Huaan

图9 华安人工爆破1号点高频GPS数据
Fig.9 High frequency GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.1 in Huaan

图10 华安人工爆破2号点高频GPS数据<br/>Fig.10 High frequency GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.2 in Huaan

图10 华安人工爆破2号点高频GPS数据
Fig.10 High frequency GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.2 in Huaan

图11 华安人工爆破2号点东西向高频GPS数据<br/>Fig.11 High frequency west-east GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.2 in Huaan

图11 华安人工爆破2号点东西向高频GPS数据
Fig.11 High frequency west-east GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.2 in Huaan

图12 华安人工爆破3号点高频GPS数据<br/>Fig.12 High frequency GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.3 in Huaan

图12 华安人工爆破3号点高频GPS数据
Fig.12 High frequency GPS observation data of artificial blasting point of No.3 in Huaan

图13 华安人工爆破G104强震仪数据<br/>Fig.13 Observation data recorded by G104 strong motion seismograph obtained by artificial blasting experiment in Huaan

图13 华安人工爆破G104强震仪数据
Fig.13 Observation data recorded by G104 strong motion seismograph obtained by artificial blasting experiment in Huaan

图14 华安人工爆破G105强震仪数据<br/>Fig.14 Observation data recorded by G105 strong motion seismograph obtained by artificial blasting experiment in Huaan

图14 华安人工爆破G105强震仪数据
Fig.14 Observation data recorded by G105 strong motion seismograph obtained by artificial blasting experiment in Huaan

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备注

引言

1 数据及处理方法

2 数据结果及讨论

3 结论

期刊信息