地震研究

为剔除小地震信号和强噪声对气枪信号叠加效果的影响,提出了一种利用信号记录中噪声特征的主动源数据筛选方法——RMS筛选法,服务于气枪数据的自动化处理。实际气枪数据筛选结果表明,RMS筛选法采用信号噪声水平作为信号选择标准,可以有效去除高噪声信号,其线性和相位加权叠加结果优于常规线性叠加和常规相位加权结果,噪声得到压制,远距离台站微弱信号检测效果得以增强。

In order to eliminate the influence of small seismic events and strong noise for the stacking effect of airgun signal,we propose a new method based on noise characteristics—Root Mean Square(RMS)screening method.It chooses the signal noise level as screeing criteria to remove the strong noise signal and is embedded in the automatic processing of massive airgun data.Practical application results show that the results of RMS screened linear and time-frequency domain phase weighted stacking are better than that of the conventional linear and phase weighted stacking method.Thereby it can increase the distance stations of weak signal detection effect and is of great significance to a series of subsequent researches on airgun signals.

引言
1 陆上水体气枪震源信号特征
2 方法介绍
3 实际数据叠加效果分析
4 讨论
5 结论

图1 3个主动源发射台位置及周围观测台站<br/>Fig.1 The location of three active seismic source stations and the corresponding portable and permanent stations

图1 3个主动源发射台位置及周围观测台站
Fig.1 The location of three active seismic source stations and the corresponding portable and permanent stations

表1 各地震信号发射台激发情况<br/>Tab.1 The trigger condition of three active seismic source stations

表1 各地震信号发射台激发情况
Tab.1 The trigger condition of three active seismic source stations

图2 呼图壁台(a)、宾川台(b)参考台信号频谱图<br/>Fig.2 The spectrum of reference stations at the Hutubi Station(a)and the Binchuan Station(b)

图2 呼图壁台(a)、宾川台(b)参考台信号频谱图
Fig.2 The spectrum of reference stations at the Hutubi Station(a)and the Binchuan Station(b)

图3 各发射台近源台站接收的连续激发信号2～8 Hz滤波后重复性与互相关系数<br/>Fig.3 The signal repeatability and cross-correlation coefficient of reference stations of each active seismic source station after 2～8 Hz bandpass filter

图3 各发射台近源台站接收的连续激发信号2～8 Hz滤波后重复性与互相关系数
Fig.3 The signal repeatability and cross-correlation coefficient of reference stations of each active seismic source station after 2～8 Hz bandpass filter

图4 2015年宾川台974次连续激发信号振幅变化<br/>Fig.4 Amplitude changes of 974 times shooting at the Binchuan station in 2015

图4 2015年宾川台974次连续激发信号振幅变化
Fig.4 Amplitude changes of 974 times shooting at the Binchuan station in 2015

图5 云南宾川台(a)、新疆呼图壁台(b)和甘肃张掖台(c)气枪源信号叠加的时-距曲线对比<br/>Fig.5 Comparison of time-distance curve of stacked signals at the Binchuan,Hutubi and Zhangye stations

图5 云南宾川台(a)、新疆呼图壁台(b)和甘肃张掖台(c)气枪源信号叠加的时-距曲线对比
Fig.5 Comparison of time-distance curve of stacked signals at the Binchuan,Hutubi and Zhangye stations

图6 宾川台EY13台站RMS筛选效能测试<br/>Fig.6 The efficiency test of RMS screening method for the EY13 station in Binchuan

图6 宾川台EY13台站RMS筛选效能测试
Fig.6 The efficiency test of RMS screening method for the EY13 station in Binchuan

图7 张掖台不同距离台站不同叠加方法(顺序同图 6a)信号效果对比<br/>Fig.7 Comparison of signal stacking effect between different stations in Zhangye(see Fig. 6a for details)

图7 张掖台不同距离台站不同叠加方法(顺序同图 6a)信号效果对比
Fig.7 Comparison of signal stacking effect between different stations in Zhangye(see Fig. 6a for details)

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备注

引言

1 陆上水体气枪震源信号特征

2 方法介绍

3 实际数据叠加效果分析

4 讨论

5 结论

期刊信息