地震研究

利用随机有限断层时程模拟程序,模拟符合汶川地震区域特性的水平分量加速度时程,分析模拟加速度时程持时的空间分布和变化规律。结果表明:模拟加速度时程的各种持时分布均能很好地体现持时的破裂方向性效应,但未能清晰反映持时的上盘/下盘效应; 模拟加速度时程的重要持时能反映近断层区域持时明显小于远场持时的特点,但在总体空间分布上更为“单一”,未表现出明显的区域“突变”现象; 相较于重要持时,模拟加速度时程与台站记录时程的Bolt持时之间存在更大差异; 模拟加速度时程的重要持时与相对Bolt持时随断层距的变化趋势,总体上能反映水平分量记录时程持时的空间变化特性。

Using the stochastic finite fault time history simulation program, we simulated the horizontal component acceleration time history in accordance with the regional characteristics of Wenchuan earthquake, and analyze the spatial distribution and variation law of simulated acceleration time duration. The results show that the distributions of each time duration of simulated acceleration time history can reflect the rupture directivity effect of time duration, but can not clearly reflect the upper/lower disk effect. Moreover, the significant duration of simulated acceleration time history can reflect the characteristics that the duration in near fault area is obviously smaller than that in far field, but it is more “single” in the overall spatial distribution and does not show obvious regional “mutation” phenomenon. Compared with the significant duration, there is a greater difference between the simulated acceleration duration and the Bolt holding time recorded by the station. The changing trend of these two durations could generally reflect the spatial variation characteristics of the horizontal component recording with the fault distance.

引言
1 数据选取
2 参数选取及持时计算
3 模型参数取值的合理性分析
4 模拟时程持时的空间分布特征
5 模拟时程持时的空间变化性
6 结论

表1 所选台站基本信息<br/>Tab.1 Basic information of the selected seismic stations

表1 所选台站基本信息
Tab.1 Basic information of the selected seismic stations

表2 汶川地震的震源、传播路径和场地效应参数表(据王卫民等,2008; 华卫等,2009)<br/>Tab.2 The parameter values of the source,propagation path and site effect of the Wenchuan earthquake(based on Wang et al,2008; Hua et al,2009)

表2 汶川地震的震源、传播路径和场地效应参数表(据王卫民等,2008; 华卫等,2009)
Tab.2 The parameter values of the source,propagation path and site effect of the Wenchuan earthquake(based on Wang et al,2008; Hua et al,2009)

表3 基岩场地和土层场地的平均场地放大系数(据喻畑,2012)<br/>Tab.3 Average site amplification factors for shallow hard ground and soil sites(based on Yu,2012)

表3 基岩场地和土层场地的平均场地放大系数(据喻畑,2012)
Tab.3 Average site amplification factors for shallow hard ground and soil sites(based on Yu,2012)

表4 87个台站持时比的均值和标准差<br/>Tab.4 Mean value and standard deviation of the duration ratio of 87 stations

表4 87个台站持时比的均值和标准差
Tab.4 Mean value and standard deviation of the duration ratio of 87 stations

图1 51LXT(a)和51JZB(b)台站水平分量记录与模拟加速度时程的波形图<br/>Fig.1 Waveform diagrams of horizontal component and synthetic acceleration time histories of 51LXT(a)and 51JZB(b)stations

图1 51LXT(a)和51JZB(b)台站水平分量记录与模拟加速度时程的波形图
Fig.1 Waveform diagrams of horizontal component and synthetic acceleration time histories of 51LXT(a)and 51JZB(b)stations

图2 记录时程(a)及模拟时程(b)的PGA及其比值的对数值随断层距的变化图<br/>Fig.2 Variation of PGA and the logarithm of its ratio of recording time history(a) and simulation time history(b)varied with the fault distance

图2 记录时程(a)及模拟时程(b)的PGA及其比值的对数值随断层距的变化图
Fig.2 Variation of PGA and the logarithm of its ratio of recording time history(a) and simulation time history(b)varied with the fault distance

图3 51LXT台(a)和51JZB台(b)水平分量时程与模拟加速度时程的反应谱对比图<br/>Fig.3 Comparison diagram of response spectrums of horizontal component and synthetic acceleration time histories of 51LXT(a)and 51JZB(b)stations

图3 51LXT台(a)和51JZB台(b)水平分量时程与模拟加速度时程的反应谱对比图
Fig.3 Comparison diagram of response spectrums of horizontal component and synthetic acceleration time histories of 51LXT(a)and 51JZB(b)stations

图4 汶川地震中87个台站观测和模拟反应谱比值的对数的均值和方差<br/>Fig.4 Mean value and variance of the logarithm of the ration of the observed and simulated response spectrum of 87 stations during the Wenchuan earthquake

图4 汶川地震中87个台站观测和模拟反应谱比值的对数的均值和方差
Fig.4 Mean value and variance of the logarithm of the ration of the observed and simulated response spectrum of 87 stations during the Wenchuan earthquake

图5 EW向(a)和NS向(b)的记录时程与ES向模拟时程(c)的持时分布图<br/>Fig.5 Distribution of duration of the horizontal component time history in EW(a) and NS(b)direction and the synthetic time history ES(c)

图5 EW向(a)和NS向(b)的记录时程与ES向模拟时程(c)的持时分布图
Fig.5 Distribution of duration of the horizontal component time history in EW(a) and NS(b)direction and the synthetic time history ES(c)

图6 台站水平分量时程与模拟加速度时程的持时随断层距变化的拟合结果图<br/>Fig.6 The fitting result of the duration of the horizontal component and the synthetic time histories varied with the change of the fault distance

图6 台站水平分量时程与模拟加速度时程的持时随断层距变化的拟合结果图
Fig.6 The fitting result of the duration of the horizontal component and the synthetic time histories varied with the change of the fault distance

表5 各种定义的持时与断层距的回归关系<br/>Tab.5 Regression relationship between durations and fault distances of different definitions

表5 各种定义的持时与断层距的回归关系
Tab.5 Regression relationship between durations and fault distances of different definitions

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备注

引言

1 数据选取

2 参数选取及持时计算

3 模型参数取值的合理性分析

4 模拟时程持时的空间分布特征

5 模拟时程持时的空间变化性

6 结论

期刊信息