地震研究

为制定合理的城市供水管网震后修复决策,提升城市供水管网抗震韧性,通过定义供水管网水力满意度指标和震损管线水力重要度指标,提出了供水管网震后两阶段修复策略:第一阶段保证尽量多的用户节点供水,以水力动态重要度作为管线重要度指标修复爆管管线; 第二阶段以最快提升管网韧性指数为原则,以水力静态重要度作为管线重要度指标修复渗漏管线。综合考虑管网水力恢复指数、抢修时间和抢修成本,建立多目标优化调度模型,并利用遗传算法实现了多目标优化调度模型优化求解,将其应用于某小型供水管网进行算例分析。结果表明:基于多目标优化调度模型计算得到的总抢修时间、总抢修成本及水力恢复指数与对应单目标优化调度模型的最优结果分别相差0.06%、0.03%、2%。基于多目标优化调度模型的抢修调度方案相较于基于水力恢复指数单目标优化调度模型的抢修调度方案,管网韧性指数更高,是一种高效、低成本且能获得较高水力恢复指数的修复方案。

In order to make reasonable decisions for post-earthquake repair of the urban water supply networks and improve the networks' seismic resilience,a service satisfaction index of the water supply and an importance index of the earthquake-damaged pipelines are defined and a two-stage recovery strategy for the water supply networks after the earthquake is proposed.In the first stage,to ensure the water supply for as many user nodes as possible,the dynamic importance of water supply is set as the importance index for repairing the burst pipeline.In the second stage,focusing on fastest improving the networks' resilience index,the static importance of water supply is set as the importance index for repairing the leaking pipeline.A multi-objective optimal regulation model that involves the hydraulic recovery index,repair time and repair cost of the networks is established,and the genetic algorithm is used to solve the multi-objective optimal regulation model.The model is applied to a small water supply network for case study,and the results show that the total repair time,total repair cost and hydraulic recovery index calculated based on the multi-objective optimal regulation model differ from the corresponding optimal results from the single objective optimal regulation model by 0.06%,0.03% and 2%,respectively.The plan for emergency repair and regulation based on multi-objective optimal regulation model produces a higher resilience index for pipe networks than the plan does based on single objective optimal regulation model that only involves hydraulic recovery index.This plan is high-efficient,low-cost and helps to obtain a high hydraulic recovery index.

引言
1 供水管网水力满意度与重要度
2 供水管网震后修复策略
3 抢修队伍多目标优化调度模型
4 基于遗传算法的多目标优化调度算法
5 算例分析
6 结论

图1 供水系统水力服务满意度-时间曲线示意图<br/>Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the service satisfaction-time curve of water supply system

图1 供水系统水力服务满意度-时间曲线示意图
Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the service satisfaction-time curve of water supply system

图2 染色体结构和遗传算法优化流程<br/>Fig.2 Chromosome structure and optimizationprocess of genetic algorithm

图2 染色体结构和遗传算法优化流程
Fig.2 Chromosome structure and optimizationprocess of genetic algorithm

图3 矩阵维度为4×3(a)和4×4(b)染色体编码示意图<br/>Fig.3 Schematic diagram of chromosome encoding with a 4×3 matrix(a)and a 4×4 matrix(b)

图3 矩阵维度为4×3(a)和4×4(b)染色体编码示意图
Fig.3 Schematic diagram of chromosome encoding with a 4×3 matrix(a)and a 4×4 matrix(b)

图4 城市供水管网图<br/>Fig.4 Map of urban water supply networks

图4 城市供水管网图
Fig.4 Map of urban water supply networks

图5 抢修队伍修复不同管线花费的时间(a)和成本(b)<br/>Fig.5 Time(a)and cost(b)for rescues teams to repair different pipelines

图5 抢修队伍修复不同管线花费的时间(a)和成本(b)
Fig.5 Time(a)and cost(b)for rescues teams to repair different pipelines

图6 抢修队伍在不同管线间位置迁移的时间(a)和成本(b)<br/>Fig.6 Time(a)and cost(b)for rescue teams moving between different pipelines

图6 抢修队伍在不同管线间位置迁移的时间(a)和成本(b)
Fig.6 Time(a)and cost(b)for rescue teams moving between different pipelines

表1 爆管管线的抢修顺序<br/>Tab.1 Order of repairing the burst pipe

表1 爆管管线的抢修顺序
Tab.1 Order of repairing the burst pipe

表2 震后第一阶段抢修队伍调度表<br/>Tab.2 Schedule of emergency crews in the first stage after the earthquake

表2 震后第一阶段抢修队伍调度表
Tab.2 Schedule of emergency crews in the first stage after the earthquake

表3 单目标及多目标优化结果<br/>Tab.3 Results from the single-objective and multi-objective optimization

表3 单目标及多目标优化结果
Tab.3 Results from the single-objective and multi-objective optimization

表4 不同优化方法抢修调度方案<br/>Tab.4 The emergency repair schedule with different optimization methods

表4 不同优化方法抢修调度方案
Tab.4 The emergency repair schedule with different optimization methods

表5 抢修调度方案对应的SDI-t结果<br/>Tab.5 SDI-t results corresponding to the emergency repair schedule

表5 抢修调度方案对应的SDI-t结果
Tab.5 SDI-t results corresponding to the emergency repair schedule

图7 基于水力恢复指数与多目标优化方法的SDI值对比<br/>Fig.7 SDI values based on the hydraulic recovery index and the multi-objective optimization

图7 基于水力恢复指数与多目标优化方法的SDI值对比
Fig.7 SDI values based on the hydraulic recovery index and the multi-objective optimization

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备注

引言

1 供水管网水力满意度与重要度

2 供水管网震后修复策略

3 抢修队伍多目标优化调度模型

4 基于遗传算法的多目标优化调度算法

5 算例分析

6 结论

期刊信息