基于情景构建的强震后京津冀地区协同应急机制研究

(1.防灾科技学院,河北 三河,065201; 2.中国消防救援学院,北京102202)

强震; 情景构建; 应急机制; 区域协同; 预案; 京津冀地区

Study on Regional Cooperative Emergency Response Mechanism in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region after Strong Earthquakes Based on Scenario Construction
WANG Huiyan1,WANG Jianfei2,LIU Xiaojing1,CHI Xiaoming1

(1.Institute of Disaster Prevention,Sanhe 065201,Hebei,China)(2.China Fire and Rescue Institute,Beijing 102202,China)

strong earthquake; scenario construction; emergency response mechanism; regional coordination; preplanning; Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region *

DOI: 10.20015/j.cnki.ISSN1000-0666.2023.0015

备注

为解决强震破坏范围广带来的跨区域应急救援问题,以京津冀地区为例,基于强震情景构建的方法,开展强震后跨区域协同应急需求、内容、任务、机制、保障措施等研究。假定京津冀交界地区发生7.8级强震,其地震参数与1976年唐山7.8级地震一致,基于人员伤亡、建筑物破坏、道路堵塞等情景分析模型,分析北京、天津、河北等地破坏情况,提出震后京津冀地区跨区域协同应急应对需求与任务,构建了应急协同体系分层模型,从应急指挥、应急通信、救援队伍、转移安置、工程抢险、交通管制、医疗防疫和社会治安协同等方面提出了应急协同机制内容与方法。引入了“目标-行动-反馈-调整”质量管理循环模型,构建了京津冀地区跨区域地震应急协同流程,对强震巨灾现场救援行动进行有效管理,提升跨区域地震救援工作的规范性,并针对性地提出了京津冀地区跨区域协同应急机制建设的保障措施。
To solve the problem of cross regional emergency rescue caused by the wide range of strong earthquake damage,a coordinated emergency mechanism after the strong earthquake in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is constructed to effectively integrate it into the framework of the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.This paper proposes a method based on the construction of a strong earthquake scenario to carry out research on the content,tasks,and guarantees related to cross-regional collaborative emergency response after an earthquake.It is assumed that a strong earthquake like the 1976 Tangshan earthquake with MS=7.8 recurred in the border area between Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,(the seismic parameters are the same as the Tangshan earthquake).We set the scenario of the earthquake and the damage in the disaster area,based on which we analyze the emergency response tasks and build a collaborative emergency response framework in terms of emergency command,emergency communication,rescue teams,relocation and resettlement,engineering rescue,traffic control,medical prevention and epidemic prevention and social security coordination,and build a “goal-action-feedback-adjustment” model to analyze the collaborative emergency response process.The relevant results of this paper can support the construction of cross-regional collaborative emergency response mechanism and task allocation,and enhance the cross-regional comprehensive emergency response capability.
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