地震研究

根据2014—2021年《中国电力年鉴》和各级政府电力部门官方网站资料,建立了全国变电站基础数据库。在损失评估研究模型中考虑了六氟化硫气体绝缘变电站以及敞开式空气绝缘变电站房屋建筑结构变化的影响。根据中国大陆5个地区的六氟化硫气体绝缘变电站数量占比,建立其比例模型。基于六氟化硫气体绝缘变电站高压开关设备原型结构的模拟地震振动台试验以及汶川地震案例给出其经验易损性模型。根据中国大陆4个地区的房屋建筑结构比例更新了敞开式空气绝缘变电站房屋建筑易损性模型,从而建立了新的地震损失研究模型。最后给出了中国大陆地区以县(区)为单位的变电站在遭受Ⅶ～Ⅹ度地震破坏时的灾害损失、损失密度及损失比图。

According to the China Electric Power Statistical Yearbook(2014-2021)and the data from the official websites of the electricity departments at all levels,a nationwide fundamental database of the transformer substations in Chinese mainland is established.The influence of the gas insulated substations and the variation of the substation's structure was involved in the damage assessment model.According to the proportion of the gas insulated substations in 5 regions in Chinese mainland,a model of the proportion of the nationwide gas insulated substations is established.Based on the simulated shaking table test of the high-voltage switchgear prototype structure of the gas insulated substation,and the results from the case study of the Wenchuan M_S8.0 earthquake in 2008,an empirical vulnerability model of the gas insulated substation is given.Based on the proportions of the structure of the air insulated switchgear substations in 4 regions in Chinese mainland,the vulnerability model of the air insulated switchgear substations was updated,resulting in making a new assessment model of earthquake-caused losses.Finally,the earthquake-caused loss,the loss density and the loss ratio of the transformer substations subjected to the Intensity Ⅶ-Ⅹ earthquakes in the counties and districts in Chinese mainland are given.

引言
1 评估步骤
2 变电站基础数据、资产及资产密度
3 变电站的易损性模型
4 变电站的损失计算
5 不同烈度下各县(区)变电站损失、损失密度、损失比分布
6 结论

图1 中国大陆变电站地震损失评估步骤<br/>Fig.1 Procedures of assessing the seismic damage to the substation in Chinese mainland

图1 中国大陆变电站地震损失评估步骤
Fig.1 Procedures of assessing the seismic damage to the substation in Chinese mainland

表1 AIS变电站资产占比及造价(刘如山等,2017)<br/>Tab.1 Cost of AIS substations and the proportion of the components of the substations (according to Liu et al,2017)

表1 AIS变电站资产占比及造价(刘如山等,2017)
Tab.1 Cost of AIS substations and the proportion of the components of the substations (according to Liu et al,2017)

表2 GIS变电站资产占比及造价<br/>Tab.2 Cost of GIS substations and the proportion of the components of the substations

表2 GIS变电站资产占比及造价
Tab.2 Cost of GIS substations and the proportion of the components of the substations

图2 中国大陆GIS变电站数量占比分布图<br/>Fig.2 Proportion of GIS substations in Chinese mainland

图2 中国大陆GIS变电站数量占比分布图
Fig.2 Proportion of GIS substations in Chinese mainland

表3 全国5个典型地区变电站数量及不同类型变电站占比<br/>Tab.3 Number of substations in five regions and proportion of different types of substations in Chinese mainland

表3 全国5个典型地区变电站数量及不同类型变电站占比
Tab.3 Number of substations in five regions and proportion of different types of substations in Chinese mainland

图3 中国大陆变电站资产分布图(a)及变电站资产密度分布图(b)<br/>Fig.3 Distribution of the asset of the substations(a)and density of the asset of the substations(b)in Chinese mainland

图3 中国大陆变电站资产分布图(a)及变电站资产密度分布图(b)
Fig.3 Distribution of the asset of the substations(a)and density of the asset of the substations(b)in Chinese mainland

表4 钢混结构易损性矩阵(高烈度设防/低烈度设防)<br/>Tab.4 Steel-concrete structure vulnerability matrix(high intensity fortification/general intensity fortification)

表4 钢混结构易损性矩阵(高烈度设防/低烈度设防)
Tab.4 Steel-concrete structure vulnerability matrix(high intensity fortification/general intensity fortification)

表5 砖混结构易损性矩阵(高烈度设防/低烈度设防)<br/>Tab.5 Brick-concrete structure vulnerability matrix(high intensity fortification/general intensity fortification)

表5 砖混结构易损性矩阵(高烈度设防/低烈度设防)
Tab.5 Brick-concrete structure vulnerability matrix(high intensity fortification/general intensity fortification)

表6 房屋建筑损失比取值<br/>Tab.6 The loss ratio of buildings

表6 房屋建筑损失比取值
Tab.6 The loss ratio of buildings

表7 GIS变电站电气设备损失比<br/>Tab.7 The loss ratio of the electrical equipment of GIS substations

表7 GIS变电站电气设备损失比
Tab.7 The loss ratio of the electrical equipment of GIS substations

图4 中国大陆各县(区)变电站Ⅶ度(a)、Ⅷ度(b)、Ⅸ度(c)以及Ⅹ度(d)损失分布图<br/>Fig.4 Distribution of the losses of the substations subjected to Intensity Ⅶ(a),Intensity Ⅷ(b),Intensity Ⅸ(c),and Intensity Ⅹ(d)in the counties and districts in Chinese mainland

图4 中国大陆各县(区)变电站Ⅶ度(a)、Ⅷ度(b)、Ⅸ度(c)以及Ⅹ度(d)损失分布图
Fig.4 Distribution of the losses of the substations subjected to Intensity Ⅶ(a),Intensity Ⅷ(b),Intensity Ⅸ(c),and Intensity Ⅹ(d)in the counties and districts in Chinese mainland

图5 中国大陆各县(区)变电站Ⅶ度(a)、Ⅷ度(b)、Ⅸ度(c)以及Ⅹ度(d)损失密度分布图<br/>Fig.5 Distribution of the loss density of substations subjected to Intensity Ⅶ(a),Intensity Ⅷ(b),Intensity Ⅸ(c),and Intensity Ⅹ(d)in the counties and districts in Chinese mainland

图5 中国大陆各县(区)变电站Ⅶ度(a)、Ⅷ度(b)、Ⅸ度(c)以及Ⅹ度(d)损失密度分布图
Fig.5 Distribution of the loss density of substations subjected to Intensity Ⅶ(a),Intensity Ⅷ(b),Intensity Ⅸ(c),and Intensity Ⅹ(d)in the counties and districts in Chinese mainland

图6 中国大陆各县(区)变电站Ⅶ度(a)、Ⅷ度(b)、Ⅸ度(c)以及Ⅹ度(d)损失比分布图<br/>Fig.6 Loss ratio of substations subjected to Intensity Ⅶ(a),Intensity Ⅷ(b),Intensity Ⅸ(c),and Intensity Ⅹ(d)in the counties and districts in Chinese mainland

图6 中国大陆各县(区)变电站Ⅶ度(a)、Ⅷ度(b)、Ⅸ度(c)以及Ⅹ度(d)损失比分布图
Fig.6 Loss ratio of substations subjected to Intensity Ⅶ(a),Intensity Ⅷ(b),Intensity Ⅸ(c),and Intensity Ⅹ(d)in the counties and districts in Chinese mainland

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备注

引言

1 评估步骤

2 变电站基础数据、资产及资产密度

3 变电站的易损性模型

4 变电站的损失计算

5 不同烈度下各县(区)变电站损失、损失密度、损失比分布

6 结论

期刊信息