新疆地区6级以上地震前Benioff应变比特征研究

(中国地震台网中心,北京 100045)

Benioff应变比; 新疆地区; 最小完备性震级; 地震预测

Research on the Features of the Benioff Strain Ratio in Xinjiang Region before Earthquakes above MS6.0
YANG Wen,YU Huaizhong,ZHANG Xiaotao

(China Earthquake Networks Center,Beijing 100045,China)

Benioff strain ratio; Xinjiang region; minimum complete magnitude; earthquake prediction

DOI: 10.20015/j.cnki.ISSN1000-0666.2025.0028

备注

强震发生前,震中附近地区普遍存在应变能加速释放现象,预示孕震区接近或进入临界状态。以Benioff应变作为响应量,计算不同时段的Benioff应变比,可作为表征应变能释放快慢的参数,其异常演化反映了地震成核过程中介质的高应力状态。利用中国地震台网地震目录,首先对新疆地区最小完备性震级进行分析。在此基础上,计算2000—2023年新疆地区6级以上地震前1年内每月前后90天的Benioff应变比,并以2016年阿克陶6.7级地震和呼图壁6.2级地震为例,对两次地震前的Benioff应变比时空演化特征进行分析。结果显示:18组6级地震中有14组地震在震前1年内在震中附近出现高值异常,通过预测效果检验,表明Benioff应变比高值异常对新疆地区6级地震具有一定中短期预测意义。在2016年阿克陶6.7级地震和呼图壁6.2级地震前1年内孕震区应变比均表现为“逐渐升高—快速降低—稳定波动”的特征,可能与断层失稳成核过程有关。
Before a strong earthquake occurs,the accelerated release of strain energy is common in the area near the epicenter,indicating that the seismogenic area is approaching or entering a critical state.Taking the Benioff strain as the response quantity,the Benioff strain ratio at different periods is calculated,which can be used as a parameter to characterize the speed of strain energy release,and its abnormal evolution reflects the high-stress state of the intermediate substance during seismic nucleation.The minimum complete magnitude is analyzed based on the earthquake catalog provided by the China Earthquake Networks Center,then the 90-day Benioff strain ratio before and after each month is calculated one year before the MS6 earthquakes in Xinjiang since the year 2000.The results show that 14 of the 18 groups of earthquakes were located in the high-value anomaly region within one year. This passes the prediction effect test,indicating that the high-value anomaly of the Benioff strain ratio had significance for the medium- and short-term prediction of MS6 earthquakes in Xinjiang region.One year before the Aketao MS6.7 earthquake and the Hutubi MS6.2 earthquake in 2016,the strain ratio in the seismogenic zone increased gradually,then decreased rapidly,and kept fluctuating stably.This may be related to the unstable nucleation of the fault.