地震研究

为监测预测闽台地震,沿福建地区主要构造部位布设了16个温泉点,构建了构造地球化学观测网,观测温泉气体中的氦氖碳同位素、氢气浓度及体积占比、气体流速、水化学离子等用于短临地震预测研究。基于2021年1月—2023年6月这16个温泉点的地球化学参数观测结果,探讨了其对研究时段内以2022年中国台湾花莲M_L6.8震群为代表的中国台湾地区发生的芮氏6级以上地震的映震能力。结果表明:① 6级以上地震发生前福建地区温泉地球化学出现群体性异常且具重现性。温泉气体表现突出,以高值异常为主; 水化学离子主要呈趋势上升、持续高值、震荡等异常形态; 这些异常对强震发震时间具有较好的短临和短期预测意义。② 福建地区的构造背景与中国台湾地区6级以上地震的关联性较强。台湾地震多为板块碰撞俯冲引起,其应力能通过深大断裂的深部动力传导引起福建温泉的响应,导致温泉气体及水化学离子产生异常; 福建地区特有的中酸性岩浆岩地球化学背景也是水化学离子映震灵敏的因素之一。

In order to monitor and predict earthquakes in Fujian and Taiwan of China,we have set up a geochemical observation network at 16 hot spring sites along the main tectonic parts of Fujian,observing the helium-neon-carbon isotope,hydrogen concentration and volume ratio,gas flow rate,and hydrochemical ions in the hot spring gas for short-term and imminent seismic prediction research.Based on the observation results from Jan.[KG-*2],2021 to Jul.[KG-*2],2023,this paper discusses the seismic reflection ability of Fujian hot spring geochemistry on the M_L6.8 earthquake in Hualian,Taiwan in 2022 and other earthquakes of magnitude M_L6 and above that occurred between 2021 and Jul.,2023.The results show that:①Before the earthquake,there were group anomalies in the geochemistry of Fujian hot springs with reproducibility; Hot spring gases are more prominent,with high value anomalies predominating; the main abnormal forms of hydrochemical ions are upward trend,sustained high values,and oscillations; anomalies have good short-term and imminent prediction significance for the occurrence of strong earthquakes.②The tectonic pattern of Fujian is closely related to Taiwan,and Taiwan earthquakes are mostly caused by plate collision and subduction.The stress can cause the response of Fujian hot springs through deep dynamic conduction of deep faults,leading to anomalies in hot spring gases and hydrochemical ions; The unique mid-acidic geochemical background in Fujian is also one of the factors that contribute to the sensitivity of hydrochemical ions to earthquakes.

引言
1 研究区地质概况
2 采样和测量方法
3 观测异常提取方法及资料选取
4 观测结果分析
5 异常机理讨论
6 结论

图1 福建地区构造地球化学观测网点及2021年1月—2023年6月中国台湾芮氏6级以上地震空间分布<br/>Fig.1 Tectonic geochemical observation network in Fujian and spatial distribution of earthquakes with magnitude 6 or above in Chinese Taiwan since observation

图1 福建地区构造地球化学观测网点及2021年1月—2023年6月中国台湾芮氏6级以上地震空间分布
Fig.1 Tectonic geochemical observation network in Fujian and spatial distribution of earthquakes with magnitude 6 or above in Chinese Taiwan since observation

表1 福建地区构造地球化学观测网点的基本情况<br/>Tab.1 Basic information on geochemical observation networks in Fujian

表1 福建地区构造地球化学观测网点的基本情况
Tab.1 Basic information on geochemical observation networks in Fujian

表2 研究时段内中国台湾地区发生的6级以上地震<br/>Tab.2 Earthquakes with magnitude of 6 or above that have occurred in Chinese Taiwan during the selected research period

表2 研究时段内中国台湾地区发生的6级以上地震
Tab.2 Earthquakes with magnitude of 6 or above that have occurred in Chinese Taiwan during the selected research period

图2 南埕自冒泉气体流速与台湾6级以上地震的对应时序图<br/>Fig.2 The gas flow velocity in Nancheng hot sping in Fujian and earthquakes in Taiwan region from Jan.[KG-*2],2021 to Jan.,2023

图2 南埕自冒泉气体流速与台湾6级以上地震的对应时序图
Fig.2 The gas flow velocity in Nancheng hot sping in Fujian and earthquakes in Taiwan region from Jan.[KG-*2],2021 to Jan.,2023

图3 工人疗养院井水温与台湾6级以上地震的对应时序图<br/>Fig.3 Time series of water temperature in workers' sanatorium well in Fujian and earthquakes in Taiwan region

图3 工人疗养院井水温与台湾6级以上地震的对应时序图
Fig.3 Time series of water temperature in workers' sanatorium well in Fujian and earthquakes in Taiwan region

图4 福建地区温泉观测点典型H2浓度时序图<br/>Fig.4 Typical H2 concentration time series in Fujian

图4 福建地区温泉观测点典型H2浓度时序图
Fig.4 Typical H2 concentration time series in Fujian

表3 福建温泉气体中H2体积含量占比映震情况<br/>Tab.3 Proportion of H2 volume content in the gas of hot springs in Fujian reflecting earthquakes in Taiwan region

表3 福建温泉气体中H2体积含量占比映震情况
Tab.3 Proportion of H2 volume content in the gas of hot springs in Fujian reflecting earthquakes in Taiwan region

图5 福建地区温泉观测点典型趋势上升异常<br/>Fig.5 Typical upward trend anomalies of the hydrochemical ions in the hot springs in Fujian

图5 福建地区温泉观测点典型趋势上升异常
Fig.5 Typical upward trend anomalies of the hydrochemical ions in the hot springs in Fujian

图6 福建地区温泉观测点典型震荡突跳异常<br/>Fig.6 Typical oscillation abrupt changing anomalies of the values of the hydrochemical ions in the hot springs in Fujian

图6 福建地区温泉观测点典型震荡突跳异常
Fig.6 Typical oscillation abrupt changing anomalies of the values of the hydrochemical ions in the hot springs in Fujian

图7 福建地区温泉观测点典型持续高值异常<br/>Fig.7 Typical sustained high-value anomalies of the hydrochemical ions in the hot springs in Fujian

图7 福建地区温泉观测点典型持续高值异常
Fig.7 Typical sustained high-value anomalies of the hydrochemical ions in the hot springs in Fujian

图8 闽台板块应力传导模式示意图<br/>Fig.8 Schematic cartoon showing the stress transmission mode between the Fujian and Taiwan plates

图8 闽台板块应力传导模式示意图
Fig.8 Schematic cartoon showing the stress transmission mode between the Fujian and Taiwan plates

图9 福建省宁化—泉州地质剖面(据马丽芳,2002修改)<br/>Fig.9 Ninghua-Quanzhou geological section in Fujian province(Modified from Ma,2002)

图9 福建省宁化—泉州地质剖面(据马丽芳,2002修改)
Fig.9 Ninghua-Quanzhou geological section in Fujian province(Modified from Ma,2002)

图10 Rc/Ra时序图<br/>Fig.10 Helium isotope ratio Rc/Ra changing with time

图10 Rc/Ra时序图
Fig.10 Helium isotope ratio Rc/Ra changing with time

表4 Rc/Ra季度观测比值<br/>Tab.4 Helium isotope ratios Rc/Ra

表4 Rc/Ra季度观测比值
Tab.4 Helium isotope ratios Rc/Ra

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备注

引言

1 研究区地质概况

2 采样和测量方法

3 观测异常提取方法及资料选取

4 观测结果分析

5 异常机理讨论

6 结论

期刊信息