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《地震研究》[ISSN:1000-0666/CN:53-1062/P]

卷:

40

期数:

2017年02期

页码:

167-175

栏目:

出版日期:

2017-04-23

文章信息/Info

Title:

Present Status and Prospect of Earthquake Focal Depth Locating

作者:

郑勇¹; 2; 谢祖军²

(1.中国地质大学(武汉)地球物理与空间信息学院 湖北省多尺度成像重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430074; 2.中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 大地测量与地球动力学国家重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430077)

Author(s):

ZHENG Yong¹; 2; XIE Zujin²

(1. Hubei Subsurface Multi-scale Imaging Key Laboratory,Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 30074,Hubei,China)(2. State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Geodynamics,Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430077,Hubei,China)

关键词:

深度定位;  走时定位;  波形反演;  深度震相;  联合反演

Keywords:

focal depth relocating;  arrival time locating;  waveform modeling;  depth phase;  joint inversion

分类号:

P315.3

DOI:

-

摘要:

地震震源深度是地震学研究中的核心问题之一,准确确定地震震源深度对于准确评估地震灾害、确定地震成因和动力学环境、判断余震发展趋势和危险性以及核爆监测等多方面具有非常重要的意义,然而地震震源深度定位一直是国际地震学界一个难题。针对这些问题,对地震震源定位研究的现状和未来的发展进行了分析和总结。首先,对目前国际和国内地震深度定位方法的研究现状进行了总结,综述了目前深度定位的主要思路和方法,主要介绍了走时定位和波形拟合定位2个方面。其中,系统介绍了走时定位中的S-P定位、Pn-Pg定深以及波形反演定深中的偏振定深和振幅定深方法,并分别阐述了这些方法的优缺点及适用范围。由于波形反演中的深度震相方法对地震深度较为敏感,而且对速度模型的依赖性相对较小,因此对深度震相中的sPmP、sPL、sPn,sSn等进行了较为全面的介绍和评述,分别就其适用范围及优缺点进行了定量的分析。其次,对速度模型的影响以及地震波速度结构的反演等问题进行了简要的综述。最后,在此基础上,对未来深度定位的发展进行了展望,提出综合多种定位方法和数据以及联合地震学和大地测量学等技术进行联合深度定位,将是未来地震定深以及地震震源性质反演的主要方向。

Abstract:

Earthquake focal depth locating is always a key project in seismology. Precise focal depth is of critical importance for evaluating seismic hazard,deciphering dynamic mechanism of earthquake generating,estimating aftershock evolution and risk,as well as monitoring nuclear tests. However,how to determine an accurate focal depth is always a challenge in seismological studies.Aiming at solving these problems,we analyzed and summrized the present status and the future development of earthquake focal depth locating.In this paper we first reviewed the present status of focal depth locating in the world,and made a summary of the frequently-used relocating methods and ideas at present,and introduced two types focal depth relocating ideas:arrival time relocating and waveform modeling methods. For these ideas,we systematically described the S-P and the Pn-Pg methods that belongs to arrival time method,and polarization focal depth locating and amplitude focal depth locating that belongs to waveform modeling,and further analyzed the advantages and limitations of these methods. Since the depth phase methods are highly sensitive to focal depth,and are relatively free from the uncertainties of crustal models,we mainly reviewed the depth phases of sPmP,sPL,sPn,and sSn,and quantitatively evaluated their availabilities and characteristics. Second,we also discussed the effects of crustal velocity model on the reliability of focal depth locating,and reviewed the advancements of seismic tomography techniques over recent years. Finally,based on the present status of the progresses on the focal depth locating,and the studies of seismic velocity structures,we proposed an idea of combining multiple datasets and relocating methods,jointly utilizing seismologic and geodetic techniques to relocate focal depth,which should be the major research field in investigating focal depth and source parameters in the near future.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2017-04-01
基金项目:地震公益性行业科研专项项目(201308013)和川滇国家地震监测预报实验场项目(2016CESE0204)联合资助.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2017-06-10