文章摘要

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: JIANG Ningbo; WU Weiwei; ZUO Hong; (Sichuan Earthquake Agency,Chengdu 610044,Sichuan,China)

Keywords:: the Lijiang M_S7.0 earthquake; the Lushan M_S7.0 earthquake; cross-fault observation; earthquake-case review; meta-instable characteristics; Sichuan-Yunnan area

摘要:: 应力降作为描述震源标度特性的基本参数,对于了解震源过程的物理性质至关重要,也是地震序列研究和地震危险性评估中必不可少的关键震源参数。为反映近年来国内外关于震源应力降研究的进展,整理了应力降的相关定义、计算方法,探讨了其与地震矩、构造块体、断层参数、震源深度和热流之间的相关性,并对其在构造地震序列研究、诱发地震研究、火山地震研究和地震动预测模型中的应用发展趋势进行梳理和综述。由于应力降的计算过程包含较多不确定性,特别是对于小地震而言,介质特性、数据限制、统计样本以及方法差异等都会对应力降值产生影响,建议在解释和应用的时候,采用多种方法交叉验证,并对不同构造区、不同类型的地震序列进行分别讨论。

Abstract:: As a basic parameter describing the characteristics of the source scale,stress drop is very important for understanding the physical properties of the source process.It is also a key parameter for earthquake prediction and seismic risk assessment.In order to show the latest research progress in source stress drop at home and around the world,we systematically sort out the relevant definitions and calculational methods of stress drop,and discuss the correlation between stress drop and some seismic petameters like seismic moment,tectonic block,fault parameters,focal depth and heat flow.We also summarize the trend of application and development of stress drop in the research on tectonic earthquakes,induced earthquakes,volcanic earthquakes,and the ground-motion-prediction model.The calculation of stress drop involves a lot of uncertainties.Especially for small earthquakes,for example,media properties,data limitation,statistical samples,and differences between the methods,all these will impact stress drop.Therefore,we recommend a variety of cross-validation methods for interpretation and application of the stress drop,and we suggest discussing different tectonic zones and different earthquake sequences.