地震研究

采用2008年在祁连山地震构造带上兰州观象台和嘉峪关中心台架设的两台沙层应力仪4年多的观测资料,分析了沙层应力记录的基本特征及其与地震活动的关系,初步探讨了沙层应力记录与强震孕育过程的关系。结果表明,沙层应力记录在一定程度上反应了地震孕育和发生过程中的一些应力变化信息,对于捕捉临震信息有一定的参考意义,但也存在较多不确定性,需要进一步分析判定。

Using the observation data in four years recorded by two sand layer stress gauges which were set up at Lanzhou Earth Observatory and Jiayuguan Stations in Qilian Moutain Seismotectonic Belt since 2008,we analyzed the basic characteristics of sand layer stress recording and its relation with seismic activity,and preliminary discussed the relationship between two sand layer stress recordings and the strong earthquake preparation. The results showed that the sand layer stress recording reflected the stress variation in the process of earthquake preparation and occurrence in a certain extent,and had certain reference significant to capture the impending earthquake information. However,there were also some uncertainties and needed to do the further research to analyze and determine.

引言
1 台站和沙层应力资料的基本情况
2 沙层应力观测记录与强震关系分析
3 观测记录的干扰分析
4 沙层应力记录与地震孕育的关系
5 结论与讨论

图1 青藏高原北部地区构造简图及台站位置(据刘百篪等(2008); <br/>崔军文等(2006); 袁道阳等(2004)修编)<br/>Fig.1 Tectonic sketch of the northern Tibetan Plateau and the location of stations (modified by Liu et al(2008),Cui et al(2006),Yuan et al(2004))

图1 青藏高原北部地区构造简图及台站位置(据刘百篪等(2008);
崔军文等(2006); 袁道阳等(2004)修编)
Fig.1 Tectonic sketch of the northern Tibetan Plateau and the location of stations (modified by Liu et al(2008),Cui et al(2006),Yuan et al(2004))

图2 兰州观象台记录的2009年青海海西6.4级(a)、2012年甘肃肃南4.9级地震(b)<br/>震前沙层应力变化特征<br/>Fig.2 Sand bed stress variation characteristic before Haixi MS6.4 earthquake,Qinghai in 2009(a)and Sunan MS4.9 earthquake,Gansu in 2012(b)recorded by Lanzhou Earth Observatory Station

图2 兰州观象台记录的2009年青海海西6.4级(a)、2012年甘肃肃南4.9级地震(b)
震前沙层应力变化特征
Fig.2 Sand bed stress variation characteristic before Haixi MS6.4 earthquake,Qinghai in 2009(a)and Sunan MS4.9 earthquake,Gansu in 2012(b)recorded by Lanzhou Earth Observatory Station

图3 嘉峪关台记录2010年青海玉树7.1级(a)、智利8.8级地震(b)震前沙层应力变化特征<br/>Fig.3 Sand bed stress variation characteristic before the Yushu MS7.1,Qinghai(a)and Chile MS8.8(b)earthquakes in 2010 recorded by Jianyuguan Station

图3 嘉峪关台记录2010年青海玉树7.1级(a)、智利8.8级地震(b)震前沙层应力变化特征
Fig.3 Sand bed stress variation characteristic before the Yushu MS7.1,Qinghai(a)and Chile MS8.8(b)earthquakes in 2010 recorded by Jianyuguan Station

图4 兰州观象台记录到2011年日本9.0级和缅甸7.2级地震的发震过程<br/>Fig.4 Earthquake preparation process of Japan M9.0 and Myanmar MS7.2 earthquakes in 2011 recorded by Lanzhou Earth Observatory Station

图4 兰州观象台记录到2011年日本9.0级和缅甸7.2级地震的发震过程
Fig.4 Earthquake preparation process of Japan M9.0 and Myanmar MS7.2 earthquakes in 2011 recorded by Lanzhou Earth Observatory Station

图5 兰州观象台沙层应力观测记录受周围施工影响<br/>Fig.5 Sand bed stress observational curve influenced by construction around Lanzhou Earth Observatory Station

图5 兰州观象台沙层应力观测记录受周围施工影响
Fig.5 Sand bed stress observational curve influenced by construction around Lanzhou Earth Observatory Station

图6 嘉峪关台沙层应力观测记录由电源变化引起的干扰<br/>Fig.6 Sand bed stress observational curve recorded by Jiayuguan Station interfered by power supply variations

图6 嘉峪关台沙层应力观测记录由电源变化引起的干扰
Fig.6 Sand bed stress observational curve recorded by Jiayuguan Station interfered by power supply variations

陈健,田滔,刘江斌,等.2011.沙层应变观测特征的初步研究[J].防灾科技学院学报,13(4):1-7.
崔军文,张晓卫,唐哲民.2006.青藏高原的构造分区及其边界的变形构造特征[J].中国地质,33(2):256-267.
何文贵,袁道阳,葛伟鹏,等.2008.兰州市金城关断层的活动特征[J].中国地震,24(3):247-252.
何文贵,袁道阳,王爱国,等.2010.嘉峪关断层中段的新活动特征[J].中国地震,26(3):296-303.
刘百篪,曹娟娟,袁道阳,等.2008.青藏高原北部活动地块内部的活断层定量资料[J].地震地质,33(1):161-175.
陆坤权,厚美瑛,王强,等.2011.颗粒介质中探测地震前兆和前兆应力—应变传播模型[J].科学通报,56(6):383-390.
孙威,孙晓明.2008.印度洋8.7级与8.5级地震的物理前兆[J].中国工程学报,30(1):14-25.
孙威.2007.破坏性地震是可以预测的—孕震物理模型及临震信号[J].中国工程科学,9(7):7-17.
王玉莹,佟晓辉,孙威.2003.1999年岫岩MS5.4地震前震、主震、余震应变异常特征的研究[J].地学前缘,10(2):501-502.
王志林,李百祥.2006.应用物探推断兰州金城关断裂及其倾角[J].甘肃地质,15(1):72-75.
武安绪,刑成起,催博文,等.2009b.从昌平台沙层应变记录看汶川大地震孕震过程[J].国际地震动态,(4):17.
武安绪,邢成起,林向东,等.2009a.沙层应变观测记录与变化特征分析[J].国际地震动态,(4):53.
袁道阳,王兰民,何文贵,等.2008.兰州市地震活断层探测新进展[J].地震地质,30(1):236-249.
袁道阳,张培震,刘百褫,等.2004.青藏高原东北缘晚第四纪活动构造的几何图像与构造转换[J].地质学报,78(2):270-278.
Lu K.Q.,Hou M.Y.,Wang Q.,et al.2011.The earthquake precursor detected in a granular medium and a proposed model for the propagation of precursive stress-strain signal[J].Chinese Sci.Bull.,56(11):1 071-1 079,doi:10.1007/s11434-011-4417-z.

备注

引言

1 台站和沙层应力资料的基本情况

2 沙层应力观测记录与强震关系分析

3 观测记录的干扰分析

4 沙层应力记录与地震孕育的关系

5 结论与讨论

期刊信息