研究强震区滑坡敏感性评价—以汶川县为例*

(成都理工大学 地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川 成都 610059)

滑坡敏感性评价; GIS; 层次分析法; 信息量法; 汶川MS8.0地震

Research on Landslide Susceptibility Assessment in Strong Seismic Zone:Taking Wenchuan Country as an Example
WANG Shuaiyong, TANG Chuan, FANG Qunsheng, ZHANG Weixu, CHENG Xiao

(State Key Laboratory of Geo-hazard Prevention and Geo-environment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China)

slope susceptibility assessment; GIS; AHP method; information method; Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake

备注

以汶川县为研究区,对汶川MS8.0地震震后遥感影像进行精细解译,结合相关调查数据建立了地震诱发地质灾害数据库。经统计,汶川地震在汶川县4 086 km2境内引发了7 766处滑坡灾害。选取地震烈度、断裂带、水系、高程、坡度和岩性共6个指标,在GIS技术支持下,将层次分析法和信息量法相结合,对汶川县域进行地震诱发滑坡敏感性评价,使用自然断点法按地震诱发滑坡敏感程度将研究区分为低敏感区、中敏感区和高敏感区。其中高敏感区的面积为1 465 km2,占总面积的35.9%,有6 710个滑坡,占总滑坡数的86.4%。评价结果表明该敏感性评价成果精度较高,能够为区域滑坡灾害预测预报及防治规划设计提供技术支持,也可为其它区域地震诱发滑坡敏感性评价及成果制图提供理论指导和技术参考。

Taking Wenchuan County as an example, we finely interpreted the post-earthquake aerial photographs and multi-source remote sensing images. Combined with data verified by field investigate, we established earthquake-induced geological hazard database. The statistical results show that the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake had induced 7 766 landslides in Wenchuan County with the area of 4 086 km2. By using AHP-Information method and geographical information system(GIS)technology, we chose six factors such as the seismic intensity, faults, drainages, elevation, slope angel and lithology to be the assessment indices for the earthquake-induced landslide susceptibility assessment and the related drawing for Wenchuan County. Then, according to the result of earthquake-induced landslide susceptibility assessment, we divided the study area into the low susceptibility area, the medium susceptibility area and the high susceptibility area by using the Natural Breaks Law. The susceptibility map showed that the area of high susceptibility was 1 465 km2, accounted for 35.9% of the total area, which included 6 710 landslides, accounted for 86.4% of the total landslide. The assessment result shows that the precision of the earthquake-induced landslide susceptibility assessment is high. We described the technical route and theoretical methods of regional earthquake-induced landslide susceptibility assessment, and provided a technical support for regional landslide hazard prediction and control planning and design. The research also provides theoretical guidance and technical reference for earthquake-induced landslide susceptibility assessment and the drawing for the results in other regions.