地震研究

倾斜摄影建立的高分辨率三维模型,能够呈现建筑物立体视觉效果,便于对建筑物结构、墙体、门窗等详细破坏情况进行分析,弥补了传统遥感影像只能获取建筑物顶部信息的局限。2021年5月21日漾濞MS6.4地震发生后,利用多旋翼无人机、采用倾斜摄影的方式拍摄了Ⅷ度区的苍山西镇花椒园村背阴坡小组建筑物多个角度影像,建模生成高分辨率三维模型,并对破坏最严重的某户民居的破坏情况和原因进行了分析,认为造成破坏加重的不利因素有:山体的放大效应、边坡的放大效应、多次地震震害叠加效应以及建筑墙体自身缺陷。

The high-resolution 3D model created on the basis of the oblique photography is able to present stereovision effect of buildings,which facilitates analyzing the damages of structures,walls,doors,windows,etc.The 3D model improves the traditional remote sensing images that can only obtain information of the roof of buildings.In the disastrous area in Yangbi County stricken by the 6.4-magnitude earthquake on May 21,2021,we used multi-rotor drones to take photos of the residential houses in Beiyinpo villagers' group in Huajiaoyuan Village,West Cangshan Town which located on the seismic Intensity 7 area.Further,we set up high-resolution 3D models,and on the basis of our models,we analyzed the cause of the most severely damaged residential houses of a family in the Beiyinpo villagers' group.Thus,we identified several unfavorable factors that caused the aggravation of the damage to the houses:the magnifying effect of mountains,the amplification effect of the slope,the superimposition of multiple earthquake damage,and the defects of the buildings' walls.

引言
1 研究区概况
2 数据与方法
3 结果分析
4 结论与建议

图1 震害调查分析技术流程<br/>Fig.1 Technical process of earthquake-damage survey and analysis

图1 震害调查分析技术流程
Fig.1 Technical process of earthquake-damage survey and analysis

表1 无人机性能基本参数和采集过程及产品参数<br/>Tab.1 Basic parameters of UAV performance,image acquisition process and product parameters

表1 无人机性能基本参数和采集过程及产品参数
Tab.1 Basic parameters of UAV performance,image acquisition process and product parameters

图2 背阴坡小组震后民房倾斜摄影三维模型<br/>Fig.2 3D model of the tilted image of houses of the Beiyinpo villagers' group

图2 背阴坡小组震后民房倾斜摄影三维模型
Fig.2 3D model of the tilted image of houses of the Beiyinpo villagers' group

图3 背阴坡小组某户民房的倾斜摄影三维模型<br/>Fig.3 3D model of the tilted image of houses of a family in the Beiyinpo villagers' group

图3 背阴坡小组某户民房的倾斜摄影三维模型
Fig.3 3D model of the tilted image of houses of a family in the Beiyinpo villagers' group

图4 居住房墙体破坏情况<br/>Fig.4 Main house's wall collapse

图4 居住房墙体破坏情况
Fig.4 Main house's wall collapse

图5 居住房左侧第一间柱和梁破坏情况<br/>Fig.5 Damage to the pillars and beams of the 1st room on the left of the Main house

图5 居住房左侧第一间柱和梁破坏情况
Fig.5 Damage to the pillars and beams of the 1st room on the left of the Main house

图6 居住房左侧第二间柱和梁破坏情况<br/>Fig.6 Damage to the pillars and beams of the 2nd room on the left of the Main house

图6 居住房左侧第二间柱和梁破坏情况
Fig.6 Damage to the pillars and beams of the 2nd room on the left of the Main house

图7 储物房破坏情况<br/>Fig.7 Damage to the storeroom

图7 储物房破坏情况
Fig.7 Damage to the storeroom

图8 畜圈房(a)和洗漱房(b)破坏情况<br/>Fig.8 Damage to the cattle enclosure(a)and laundry room(b)

图8 畜圈房(a)和洗漱房(b)破坏情况
Fig.8 Damage to the cattle enclosure(a)and laundry room(b)

图9 背阴坡小组三户相同结构民房位置图(倾斜摄影航拍建模)<br/>Fig.9 three families' houses in the Beiyinpo villagers' group having the same structure (modeling according to tilted photography)

图9 背阴坡小组三户相同结构民房位置图(倾斜摄影航拍建模)
Fig.9 three families' houses in the Beiyinpo villagers' group having the same structure (modeling according to tilted photography)

图10 背阴坡小组相同结构民房破坏情况<br/>Fig.10 Damage to the same-structure houses in the Beiyinpo villagers' group

图10 背阴坡小组相同结构民房破坏情况
Fig.10 Damage to the same-structure houses in the Beiyinpo villagers' group

图11 背阴坡数字地表模型(DSM)<br/>Fig.11 Digital surface modeling(DSM) of the Beiyinpo villagers' group

图11 背阴坡数字地表模型(DSM)
Fig.11 Digital surface modeling(DSM) of the Beiyinpo villagers' group

图12 背阴坡小组某户民房周围局部坡地类型<br/>Fig.12 Slope type of a site of a family's house and its vicinity in the Beiyinpo villagers' group

图12 背阴坡小组某户民房周围局部坡地类型
Fig.12 Slope type of a site of a family's house and its vicinity in the Beiyinpo villagers' group

图13 背阴坡小组与震中相对位置<br/>Fig.13 Relative positions of the Beiyinpo villagers' group to the Yangbi main earthquake and other three aftershocks

图13 背阴坡小组与震中相对位置
Fig.13 Relative positions of the Beiyinpo villagers' group to the Yangbi main earthquake and other three aftershocks

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备注

引言

1 研究区概况

2 数据与方法

3 结果分析

4 结论与建议

期刊信息